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Dislcaimer: If you don’t know how to use -는 것, this lesson may confuse you. This lesson will be showing the usage of 던 to describe verbs (just verbs, not Adjectives or Nouns this time)
V-던 = used to
Usage: is used to recollect a past activity or habit that was repeated often in the past but didn’t continue to the present or a past activity, habit, or behavior that happened repeatedly in the past, and still continues to present.
Specific usages:
If the action or behavior used to do in the past but not anymore at present, 여러 번, 자주, 가끔, 항상 are often used.
Ex: 우리가 자주 가던 공원에 다시 가고 싶어요. I want to go to the park that we often went.
If the action or behavior started in the past but has not ended yet, 지난 달, 지난주, 어제, 아까, 저번에 are often used.
RULE:
The expression is not used for action/behavior that only occurred once and do not repeat.
E.g. 이곳은 제가 결혼하던 곳이에요. (wrong)
이곳은 제가 결혼한 곳이에요. (correct)
This is the place where I got married.
Example Sentences:
옆집 살던 사람은 지난 주말에 이사했어요. = The person that used to live next door moved last week.
제가 매일 마시던 주스를 샀어요. = I bought the juice that I drink everyday
제가 읽던 책은 못 찾아요. = I can’t find the book I read/the book I was reading
그 카페는 민지가 자주 가던 카폐야. = That cafe is a cafe that Minji goes to often
It’s also possible to add ~았/었~ between the verb stem and ~던
V-았/었던
Usage: is used to recall something you have done or completed in the past. the time interval from when the action stopped happening to the present time is irrelevant, although Koreans usually assume a lot of time has passed when they hear this grammar.
-았/었 indicates completion and 던 indicates recollection and is used before nouns.
RULE:
In case of verbs with a certain degree of continued state such as 살다 , 근무하다, 다니다, and 사귀다, V-았/었던 can be replaced by V-던 with the same meaning.
Eg. 이 집에 제가 어렸을 때 살았던/살던 집입니다.
This is the house I lived in when was child.
Examples:
어제 점심 때 먹었던 음식 이름이 뭐예요? = What’s the name of that food we had for lunch yesterday?
우리가 지난 주에 먹었던 식당에서 먹고 싶어요 = I want to eat at the place that we ate at last time.
처음 만났던 공원에서 만나면 어때요? = How about meeting at the park that we first met.
지난 번에 봤던 영화 다시 보고 싶어요. = I want to see the movie that I saw last time again.
-ㄴ/은, 던, 았/었던 Differences
A Chart Taken From HowToStudyKorean.com:
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