Yep, There are 5 ways to say 1 word in Korean. Don't worry though, It's not hard to tell the difference. I'm KoreanStudyJunkie and today we're going to learn just that.
There are several ways to say "And" In Korean. You're probably wondering which one to use? Or what's the difference?
Here's the short answer: most of them are the the same.
In Korean, you basically have three ways of saying "and". They're used in the same way, although there are slight differences and some rules for certain words. In Korean these same words can be used to mean 3 things (and, with, and sometimes or).
Short Explanation: 와/과/하고/(이)랑 are used after a noun or are used to connect nouns, 고 is used after verbs to connect 2 actions, 그리고 is a conjunction that's used to connect 2 sentences.
Let's actually break it down 1 by 1 now:
와/과
It's mainly used in writing and It is a polite way of speaking.
과 if it comes after a consonant or 와 if it comes after a vowel.
Examples:
저는 사과와 오렌지를 샀어요. = I bought apples and oranges.
소금과 설탕 좀 주세요. = please give me some salt and sugar.
(이)랑
has a casual feeling to it and is used in speech more than in writing.
when it comes after a consonant it’s 이랑 and when it comes after a vowel it’s just 랑.
Examples:
이거랑 저거 주세요. Please give me this and that.
핸드폰 이랑 향수를 받았어요. I got a mobile and perfume.
하고
this can be used in everyday conversations. It's a little less polite than the first one but it’s not informal either. you can basically use it anywhere you’d like.
Examples:
치킨 하고 피자 중에 뭘 더 좋아해. Between chicken and pizza, what do you like more?
빵 하고 우유를 먹었어요. I ate bread and milk.
-고
It is attached to a verb or adjective stem. It is used to connect two sentences into 1. Just take the verb/adjective stem and add 고. The last verb can be in any tense you want such as past tense or future tense.
Tense markers are usually used in the second clause.
Ex: 나은 씨는 밥을 먹고 민조 씨는 라면을 먹었어요. Naun had a meal and Minjo had instant noodles.
Examples:
오늘 밥 먹고 집 청소를 할 거예요. Today I will eat and clean the house.
빨리 작업 끝나고 놀러 가자. Let’s finish work fast and go to play.
수업 끝나고 만나. Meet me after class.
그리고
It can be used/attached after a sentence or at the beginning of the sentence. If you want to start a new sentence with ‘and’ use 그리고.
Examples:
오늘은 밥 많이 먹고 싶어요. 그리고 티비도 보고 싶어요. Today I want to eat a lot. And I want to watch tv too.
그리고 저는 대학도 갔어요. And I went to university.
너 그리고 나. You and me
All these sentences have the same meaning:
저는 피자와 치킨 좋아해요. I like pizza and chicken.
저는 치킨과 피자 좋아해요. I like chicken and pizza.
선생님과 언행에 갈 거예요. I went to the bank with my teacher.
선생님이랑 언행에 갈 거예요. I went to the bank with my teacher.
선생님하고 언행에 갈 거예요. I went to the bank with my teacher.
사과와 레몬이 있어요. There's an apple or a lemon.
사과랑 레몬이 있어요. There's an apple or a lemon.
사과하고 레몬이 있어요. There's an apple or a lemon.
학교에 가요. 그리고 많이 배워요. I go to school. And I learn a lot.
학교에 가고 많이 배워요. I go to school and I learn a lot.
Other Example Sentences :
신발과 옷을 샀어요. I bought shoes and clothes.
신발이랑 옷을 샀어요. I bought shoes and clothes.
신발하고 옷을 샀어요. I bought shoes and clothes.
빵이랑 우유 샀어요. I bought bread and milk.
책과 연필 Book and pencil.
고추와 소금. Pepper and salt.
친구와 도서관에 갔어요. I went to the library with my friend.
친구랑 도서관에 갔어요. I went to the library with my friend.
친구하고 도서관에 갔어요. I went to the library with my friend.
가위하고 종이. Scissor and paper.
맥주랑 피자. Beer and pizza.
치킨 이랑 맥주. Chicken and Beer.
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